se

dem pron 1. a demonstrative adjective, the, that; fem séo; neut þæt; (1) marking object as before-mentioned or already well-known (a) with substantive; se steorra the star; (b) with adjectives; se dumba sprǽc the dumb speech; (c) with numerals; þá þríe cómon the three came; (d) with proper names; se Iohannes the same John; se (the one in question) Cynewulf; þæs Sigebryhtes bróðor (the one previously mentioned); (2) marking an object which is further described (a) by an adjective; se heofonlica cyning; (b) by a pronoun; þá míne sǽlþa and se mín weorþscipe; (c) by a numeral; þæt þridde gebed the third prayer; (d) by a genitive; þá déogolnessa þæs þriddan heofones; (e) by a phrase; (f) by an appositive; Paul se cyning; (g) by a clause; eart þu se Beowulf, se þe wiþ Brecan; (h) by a clause in apposition; ne sceal hé þæt án dón, þæt hé ána wacie; (i) by relation to other objects mentioned; sé þe ne gǽþ æt þǽm geate intó scéapa fealde; (3) with adjectives used as epithets; Salomon se snottra; (4) marking an object as the representative of a class; is séo æx tó þǽra tréowa wyrtruman ásett; (4a) marking genus; se mann; se mann ána gǽþ úprihte;(5) marking a definite whole or a class of objects; híe hátaþ þá landmenn; (6) with abstract nouns where modern English would not use the article; séo hǽlu þone mann gedéþ lustbǽrne; (6a) where an abstraction is personified; se wísdóm and séo gescéadwísnes; 2. dem pron he, she, it, that, (1) referring to a person or thing; se wæs betera þonne ic; (2) referring to the subject dealt with in a clause, that, it; þæt hé þæs (for praying in a certain place) hæfde méde wiþ God; (2a) in apposition with a clause; (3) þæt referring to an object of any gender or number; hé þæt is, se þá gebundenan út álǽdde; (3a) þæt is = there is; (4) one in contrast with another, one…one, one…other; for hwý se góda lǽce selle, and óðrum hálum strangne; 3. as a relative; þæt ic éow secge, secgaþ hit on léohte; 3a. where relative and antecedent are included in the same word; cum and geséoh þæt híe mé dóþ; where the construction is incomplete; 4. in correlative sentences where antecedent and relative are represented (1) by se…þe; (1a) by se…þe hé; þæs behófaþ sé þe him hálig gást wísaþ; (2) by se…se; se þurhwunaþ óþ ende, se biþ hál; (2a) by se…se hé; þæt is se Abraham, se him (= þe him to whom) engla God naman áscéop; (3) by se…se þe; sé þe brýde hæfþ, se is brýguma; (3a) irregular constructions; (4) by se…se se; (4a) irregular; 5. in adverbial or conjunctional forms; (1) nó (nálæs, nallas nó) þæt án þæt…ac not only…but also; (2) þæs (a) in reference to time, or sequence of events, marking the point from which measurement is made, after; þæs on morgen the next morning; þæs þe as far as; (b) marking degree, proportion, so (colloquial use of that = so); nǽre flód þæs déop there was not a flood so deep; þæs þe ic gemunan mæge (from what, or as far as, I can remember); with comparatives - þá clypodon híe þæs þe má (so much the more); (b1) with tó; tó þæs micel þæt…so great that…; hé him þæs lean forgeald tó þæs þe hé in ræste geseah Grendel licgan he gave him reward for that so, or to such a degree, that he saw Grendel lie dead; (c) marking agreement, according to what, as; we andswarodon þæs þe hé ús ascode we answered according to what he asked us; þæs þe (utí) mé gesawen is as is seen to me; (d) because, since; wá mé þæs ic swigode woe to me since I became quiet; (3) þǽm (þe); (a) with a comparative; gif hé ne biþ þǽm hraðor gelácnod if he is not healed more promptly; (b) with prepositions; æfter \se after; for \se (1) for, because; þý…for þǽm therefore…because; (2) therefore; for þǽm ic þé bebéode; (3) for the purpose, in order; ongemang \se whilst, meanwhile; tó \se (1) marking degree so, to such a degree; þá wǽron híe tó þǽm gesárgode then they were pained to such a degree; (2) marking purpose, to the end (that); tó þǽm þæt hé forléose; with tó, marking extent; tó þý þæt hé willes déaþ þrowode to the end that he suffered death of will; wiþ þǽm þe in return for, on condition (that), connecting two main clauses containing mutual concessions; se cyning and his wítan him (the Danes) gafol and metsunga behéton wiþ þǽm þe híe heora hergunga geswicon the king and his advisors promised them tribute on the condition that they ceased from their invasions; with verbs of intention or desire governing an infinitive or a clause, where the action of the verb in the infinitive or clause is intended, because; hé ongann iernan, tó þǽm þæt hé wolde findan þone árwyrðan fæder; (4) þæt in oþ þæt; (5) þý (1) therefore, so; þý is him micel þearf; (2) because; þý híe habbaþ hwæthwegu gódes on him because they have somewhat of good on them; (3) with comparatives, the, any; héo ne biþ þý near þǽre sǽ þe héo biþ on midne dæg she will not be any nearer to the sea than she will be at noon; for þý (þe), (a) therefore; for þý…þý therefore…because; for þý…for þǽm therefore…because; (b) because; þæt wæs for þý þe híe wǽron benumene þæs céapes that was because they were deprives of their property; mid þý (þe) (a) of time, when, as; \se hé þis gebed gecweden hæfde as he had spoken this prayer; (b) denoting a cause or consequence, when, as, since; mid þý Peohtas wíf næfdon since Picts didn't have wives; (c) though; \se éower má is though there is more of you; tó þý…þæt to the end that; ac tó þý þæt hé geearnige wuldor to the end that he may earn glory;